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XR-2206
...the analog plus company TM
Monolithic Function Generator
June 1997-3
FEATURES D Low-Sine Wave Distortion, 0.5%, Typical D Excellent Temperature Stability, 20ppm/C, Typ. D Wide Sweep Range, 2000:1, Typical D Low-Supply Sensitivity, 0.01%V, Typ. D Linear Amplitude Modulation D TTL Compatible FSK Controls D Wide Supply Range, 10V to 26V D Adjustable Duty Cycle, 1% TO 99%
APPLICATIONS D Waveform Generation D Sweep Generation D AM/FM Generation D V/F Conversion D FSK Generation D Phase-Locked Loops (VCO)
GENERAL DESCRIPTION The XR-2206 is a monolithic function generator integrated circuit capable of producing high quality sine, square, triangle, ramp, and pulse waveforms of high-stability and accuracy. The output waveforms can be both amplitude and frequency modulated by an external voltage. Frequency of operation can be selected externally over a range of 0.01Hz to more than 1MHz. The circuit is ideally suited for communications, instrumentation, and function generator applications requiring sinusoidal tone, AM, FM, or FSK generation. It has a typical drift specification of 20ppm/C. The oscillator frequency can be linearly swept over a 2000:1 frequency range with an external control voltage, while maintaining low distortion.
ORDERING INFORMATION
Operating Temperature Range -55C to +125C -40C to +85C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C
Part No. XR-2206M XR-2206P XR-2206CP XR-2206D
Package 16 Lead 300 Mil CDIP 16 Lead 300 Mil PDIP 16 Lead 300 Mil PDIP 16 Lead 300 Mil JEDEC SOIC
Rev. 1.03
E1972
EXAR Corporation, 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 z (510) 668-7000 z (510) 668-7017 1
XR-2206
VCC 4 TC1 Timing Capacitor TC2 6 5 VCO
GND 12
BIAS 10 11 SYNCO
Timing Resistors
TR1
7 Current Switches Multiplier And Sine Shaper
TR2 FSKI AMSI
8 9 1
+1
2
STO
3
MO
WAVEA1 13 WAVEA2 14 SYMA1 15 SYMA2 16
Figure 1. XR-2206 Block Diagram
Rev. 1.03 2
XR-2206
AMSI STO MO VCC TC1 TC2 TR1 TR2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
SYMA2 SYMA1 WAVEA2 WAVEA1 GND SYNCO BIAS FSKI
AMSI STO MO VCC TC1 TC2 TR1 TR2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
SYMA2 SYMA1 WAVEA2 WAVEA1 GND SYNCO BIAS FSKI
16 Lead PDIP, CDIP (0.300")
16 Lead SOIC (Jedec, 0.300")
PIN DESCRIPTION
Pin # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Symbol AMSI STO MO VCC TC1 TC2 TR1 TR2 FSKI BIAS SYNCO GND WAVEA1 WAVEA2 SYMA1 SYMA2 I I I I I I O O I O O Type I O O Description Amplitude Modulating Signal Input. Sine or Triangle Wave Output. Multiplier Output. Positive Power Supply. Timing Capacitor Input. Timing Capacitor Input. Timing Resistor 1 Output. Timing Resistor 2 Output. Frequency Shift Keying Input. Internal Voltage Reference. Sync Output. This output is a open collector and needs a pull up resistor to VCC. Ground pin. Wave Form Adjust Input 1. Wave Form Adjust Input 2. Wave Symetry Adjust 1. Wave Symetry Adjust 2.
Rev. 1.03 3
XR-2206
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Test Conditions: Test Circuit of Figure 2 Vcc = 12V, TA = 25C, C = 0.01mF, R1 = 100kW, R2 = 10kW, R3 = 25kW Unless Otherwise Specified. S1 open for triangle, closed for sine wave.
XR-2206M/P Parameters General Characteristics Single Supply Voltage Split-Supply Voltage Supply Current Oscillator Section Max. Operating Frequency Lowest Practical Frequency Frequency Accuracy Temperature Stability Frequency Sine Wave Amplitude Stability2 Supply Sensitivity Sweep Range Sweep Linearity 10:1 Sweep 1000:1 Sweep FM Distortion Recommended Timing Components Timing Capacitor: C Timing Resistors: R1 & R2 Triangle Sine Wave Triangle Amplitude Sine Wave Amplitude Max. Output Swing Output Impedance Triangle Linearity Amplitude Stability Sine Wave Distortion Without Adjustment With Adjustment 2.5 0.4 1.0 2.5 0.5 1.5 % % R1 = 30kW See Figure 7 and Figure 8 40 Output1 160 60 6 600 1 0.5 80 160 60 6 600 1 0.5 mV/kW mV/kW Vp-p W % dB For 1000:1 Sweep 0.001 1 100 2000 0.001 1 100 2000 mF kW 2 8 0.1 2 8 0.1 % % % fL = 1kHz, fH = 10kHz fL = 100Hz, fH = 100kHz +10% Deviation 0.5 1 0.01 +1 +10 4800 0.01 1000:1 2000:1 0.1 +4 +50 0.5 1 0.01 +2 +20 4800 0.01 2000:1 MHz Hz % of fo C = 1000pF, R1 = 1kW C = 50mF, R1 = 2MW fo = 1/R1C 10 +5 12 26 +13 17 10 +5 14 26 +13 20 V V mA R1 10kW Min. Typ. Max. XR-2206CP/D Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions
ppm/C 0C TA 70C R1 = R2 = 20kW ppm/C %/V fH = fL VLOW = 10V, VHIGH = 20V, R1 = R2 = 20kW fH @ R1 = 1kW fL @ R1 = 2MW
Figure 5 Figure 3 Figure 2, S1 Open Figure 2, S1 Closed
Notes 1 Output amplitude is directly proportional to the resistance, R , on Pin 3. See Figure 3. 3 2 For maximum amplitude stability, R should be a positive temperature coefficient resistor. 3 Bold face parameters are covered by production test and guaranteed over operating temperature range.
Rev. 1.03 4
XR-2206
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONT'D)
XR-2206M/P Parameters Amplitude Modulation Input Impedance Modulation Range Carrier Suppression Linearity Square-Wave Output Amplitude Rise Time Fall Time Saturation Voltage Leakage Current FSK Keying Level (Pin 9) Reference Bypass Voltage 0.8 2.9 12 250 50 0.2 0.1 1.4 3.1 0.4 20 2.4 3.3 0.8 2.5 12 250 50 0.2 0.1 1.4 3 0.6 100 2.4 3.5 Vp-p ns ns V mA V V Measured at Pin 11. CL = 10pF CL = 10pF IL = 2mA VCC = 26V See section on circuit controls Measured at Pin 10. 50 100 100 55 2 50 100 100 55 2 kW % dB % For 95% modulation Min. Typ. Max. XR-2206CP/D Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions
Notes 1 Output amplitude is directly proportional to the resistance, R , on Pin 3. See Figure 3. 3 2 For maximum amplitude stability, R should be a positive temperature coefficient resistor. 3 Bold face parameters are covered by production test and guaranteed over operating temperature range.
Specifications are subject to change without notice
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26V Power Dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 750mW Derate Above 25C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5mW/C Total Timing Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6mA Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . -65C to +150C
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The XR-2206 is comprised of four functional blocks; a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), an analog multiplier and sine-shaper; a unity gain buffer amplifier; and a set of current switches. The VCO produces an output frequency proportional to an input current, which is set by a resistor from the timing
Rev. 1.03 5
terminals to ground. With two timing pins, two discrete output frequencies can be independently produced for FSK generation applications by using the FSK input control pin. This input controls the current switches which select one of the timing resistor currents, and routes it to the VCO.
XR-2206
VCC
1mF 4 1 5 C 6 FSK Input 9 7 8
VCO
16 Mult. And Sine Shaper 15 14 13 Current Switches 2 11 10 12 1mF 3 R3 25K + 1mF VCC 5.1K 5.1K
Symmetry Adjust 25K S1 = Open For Triangle = Closed For Sinewave THD Adjust 500 Triangle Or Sine Wave Output Square Wave Output
S1
R1 R2
+1
XR-2206 10K VCC
Figure 2. Basic Test Circuit
5 4 3 2 1
0
Rev. 1.03 6
IIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIII
Triangle Sinewave 20 40 60 80 100 R3 in (KW)
6 Peak Output Voltage (Volts)
26
70C Max. Package Dissipation 1KW
22 ICC (mA) 2KW 18 10KW 14 30KW 10 8 12 16 20 24 28 VCC (V)
Figure 3. Output Amplitude as a Function of the Resistor, R3, at Pin 3
Figure 4. Supply Current vs Supply Voltage, Timing, R
XR-2206
10M
MAXIMUM TIMING R
Timing Resistor ( W )
1M
1.0
NORMAL RANGE
100K
TYPICAL VALUE
0.5
10K
1K
MINIMUM TIMING R
10-2
10
102
104
106
Frequency (Hz)
Figure 5. R versus Oscillation Frequency.
Figure 6. Normalized Output Amplitude versus DC Bias at AM Input (Pin 1)
5
5
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
0
1.0
10
100
103
0 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M Frequency (Hz)
Timing R K(W)
Figure 7. Trimmed Distortion versus Timing Resistor.
Figure 8. Sine Wave Distortion versus Operating Frequency with Timing Capacitors Varied.
Rev. 1.03 7
AAAA AAAA AAA
Distortion (%)
Distortion (%)
C = 0.01mF Trimmed For Minimum Distortion At 30 KW
4
IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII
4V 4V 0 VCC / 2 DC Voltage At Pin 1 R=3KW VOUT =0.5VRMS Pin 2 RL=10KW
IIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIII AAAAAAA IIIIIIIIIIII AAAAAAA IIIIIIIIIIII AAAAAAA IIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIII
AAAAA AAAAA AAAAA AAAAA AAAAA AAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA
Normal Output Amplitude
XR-2206
3 C=0.01mF 2 Frequency Drift (%) 1 R=200KW 0 R=10KW R=2KW R=1KW -2 R=1KW -25 0 25 50 75 100 -3 -50 IC R=1MW Sweep Input Rc + VC R IB IT Pin 7 or 8 R=1MW R=2KW R=10KW R=200KW
-1
+ 3V 12
Ambient Temperature (C)
Figure 9. Frequency Drift versus Temperature.
VCC
1 5 C 6 9 7 8 Current Switches +1
VCO
2M
R1
1K
R
Figure 11. Circuit tor Sine Wave Generation without External Adjustment. (See Figure 3 for Choice of R3)
Rev. 1.03 8
AA
VCC
125
Figure 10. Circuit Connection for Frequency Sweep.
1mF 4 16 Mult. And Sine Shaper 15 14 13 2 11 10 + 1mF + 10mF VCC 12 3 R3 50K XR-2206 10K S1 200 Triangle Or Sine Wave Output Square Wave Output S1 Closed For Sinewave
5.1K
5.1K
XR-2206
VCC
1mF 4 1 5 1 F= RC C 6 9 R1 7 8 Current Switches +1
VCO
16 Mult. And Sine Shaper 15 14 13 2 11 10 + 1mF 12 3 R3 50K + 10mF VCC 5.1K 5.1K
Symmetry Adjust 25K RB S1 Closed For Sinewave S1 RA 500 Triangle Or Sine Wave Output Square Wave Output 10K VCC
2M
1K
R
XR-2206
Figure 12. Circuit for Sine Wave Generation with Minimum Harmonic Distortion. (R3 Determines Output Swing - See Figure 3)
VCC
1mF 1 5 >2V <1V F1 F2 R1 R2 F1=1/R1C F2=1/R2C C 6 9 7 8
VCO
4 16 Mult. And Sine Shaper 15 14 13 Current Switches +1 2 11 10 12 + 1mF 3 XR-2206 200
FSK Input
FSK Output
R3 50K +
10mF VCC 5.1K 5.1K
Figure 13. Sinusoidal FSK Generator
Rev. 1.03 9
XR-2206
VCC 1 f+ 2 C R1 ) R2 16
VCO
1mF 4 1 5 C 6 9 R1 R2 7 8 Current Switches +1 Mult. And Sine Shaper
Duty Cycle =
R1 R1 ) R2
15 14 13 2 11 Sawtooth Output Pulse Output 5.1K + 10mF VCC
10 +
12
3 R3 24K
XR-2206
1mF
VCC
5.1K
5.1K
Figure 14. Circuit for Pulse and Ramp Generation.
Frequency-Shift Keying The XR-2206 can be operated with two separate timing resistors, R1 and R2, connected to the timing Pin 7 and 8, respectively, as shown in Figure 13. Depending on the polarity of the logic signal at Pin 9, either one or the other of these timing resistors is activated. If Pin 9 is open-circuited or connected to a bias voltage 2V, only R1 is activated. Similarly, if the voltage level at Pin 9 is 1V, only R2 is activated. Thus, the output frequency can be keyed between two levels. f1 and f2, as: f1 = 1/R1C and f2 = 1/R2C For split-supply operation, the keying voltage at Pin 9 is referenced to V-. Output DC Level Control The dc level at the output (Pin 2) is approximately the same as the dc bias at Pin 3. In Figure 11, Figure 12 and Figure 13, Pin 3 is biased midway between V+ and ground, to give an output dc level of V+/2.
Rev. 1.03 10
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Sine Wave Generation Without External Adjustment
Figure 11 shows the circuit connection for generating a sinusoidal output from the XR-2206. The potentiometer, R1 at Pin 7, provides the desired frequency tuning. The maximum output swing is greater than V+/2, and the typical distortion (THD) is < 2.5%. If lower sine wave distortion is desired, additional adjustments can be provided as described in the following section.
The circuit of Figure 11 can be converted to split-supply operation, simply by replacing all ground connections with V-. For split-supply operation, R3 can be directly connected to ground.
XR-2206
With External Adjustment: The harmonic content of sinusoidal output can be reduced to -0.5% by additional adjustments as shown in Figure 12. The potentiometer, RA, adjusts the sine-shaping resistor, and RB provides the fine adjustment for the waveform symmetry. The adjustment procedure is as follows: 1. Set RB at midpoint and adjust RA for minimum distortion. 2. With RA set as above, adjust RB to further reduce distortion. and can be adjusted by varying either R or C. The recommended values of R, for a given frequency range, as shown in Figure 5. Temperature stability is optimum for 4kW < R < 200kW. Recommended values of C are from 1000pF to 100mF. Frequency Sweep and Modulation: Frequency of oscillation is proportional to the total timing current, IT, drawn from Pin 7 or 8: PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION Description of Controls Frequency of Operation: The frequency of oscillation, fo, is determined by the external timing capacitor, C, across Pin 5 and 6, and by the timing resistor, R, connected to either Pin 7 or 8. The frequency is given as:
f 0 + 1 Hz RC
Triangle Wave Generation The circuits of Figure 11 and Figure 12 can be converted to triangle wave generation, by simply open-circuiting Pin 13 and 14 (i.e., S1 open). Amplitude of the triangle is approximately twice the sine wave output.
FSK Generation
f+
320I T (mA) Hz C(mF)
Figure 13 shows the circuit connection for sinusoidal FSK signal operation. Mark and space frequencies can be independently adjusted by the choice of timing resistors, R1 and R2; the output is phase-continuous during transitions. The keying signal is applied to Pin 9. The circuit can be converted to split-supply operation by simply replacing ground with V-.
Timing terminals (Pin 7 or 8) are low-impedance points, and are internally biased at +3V, with respect to Pin 12. Frequency varies linearly with IT, over a wide range of current values, from 1mA to 3mA. The frequency can be controlled by applying a control voltage, VC, to the activated timing pin as shown in Figure 10. The frequency of oscillation is related to VC as:
Pulse and Ramp Generation
V f+ 1 1 ) R 1 - C 3 RC RC
Hz
Figure 14 shows the circuit for pulse and ramp waveform generation. In this mode of operation, the FSK keying terminal (Pin 9) is shorted to the square-wave output (Pin 11), and the circuit automatically frequency-shift keys itself between two separate frequencies during the positive-going and negative-going output waveforms. The pulse width and duty cycle can be adjusted from 1% to 99% by the choice of R1 and R2. The values of R1 and R2 should be in the range of 1kW to 2MW.
Rev. 1.03 11
where VC is in volts. The voltage-to-frequency conversion gain, K, is given as:
K + f V C + - 0.32 Hz V R CC
CAUTION: For safety operation of the circuit, IT should be limited to 3mA.
XR-2206
Output Amplitude: Maximum output amplitude is inversely proportional to the external resistor, R3, connected to Pin 3 (see Figure 3). For sine wave output, amplitude is approximately 60mV peak per kW of R3; for triangle, the peak amplitude is approximately 160mV peak per kW of R3. Thus, for example, R3 = 50kW would produce approximately 13V sinusoidal output amplitude. Amplitude Modulation: Output amplitude can be modulated by applying a dc bias and a modulating signal to Pin 1. The internal impedance at Pin 1 is approximately 100kW. Output amplitude varies linearly with the applied voltage at Pin 1, for values of dc bias at this pin, within 14 volts of VCC/2 as shown in Figure 6. As this bias level approaches VCC/2, the phase of the output signal is reversed, and the amplitude goes through zero. This property is suitable for phase-shift keying and suppressed-carrier AM generation. Total dynamic range of amplitude modulation is approximately 55dB.
CAUTION: AM control must be used in conjunction with a well-regulated supply, since the output amplitude now becomes a function of VCC.
VR
VCC
11
15 V2 5
14
16 6
13
1
32
7 6 5
VCC
8 10 VR V1
VCC 4 Int'nI. Reg. 12
VR
VR V1 V2
9
Figure 15. Equivalent Schematic Diagram
Rev. 1.03 12
XR-2206
16 LEAD CERAMIC DUAL-IN-LINE (300 MIL CDIP)
Rev. 1.00
16 1
9 8
E D Base Plane Seating Plane L e B B1 c A1 A E1
INCHES SYMBOL A A1 B B1 c D E1 E e L MIN 0.100 0.015 0.014 0.045 0.008 0.740 0.250 MAX 0.200 0.060 0.026 0.065 0.018 0.840 0.310
MILLIMETERS MIN 2.54 0.38 0.36 1.14 0.20 18.80 6.35 MAX 5.08 1.52 0.66 1.65 0.46 21.34 7.87
0.300 BSC 0.100 BSC 0.125 0 0.200 15
7.62 BSC 2.54 BSC 3.18 0 5.08 15
Note: The control dimension is the inch column
Rev. 1.03 13
XR-2206
16 LEAD PLASTIC DUAL-IN-LINE (300 MIL PDIP)
Rev. 1.00
16 1 D
9 8 E1 E A2
Seating Plane
A L A1 B e B1
eA eB
C
INCHES SYMBOL A A1 A2 B B1 C D E E1 e eA eB L MIN 0.145 0.015 0.115 0.014 0.030 0.008 0.745 0.300 0.240 MAX 0.210 0.070 0.195 0.024 0.070 0.014 0.840 0.325 0.280
MILLIMETERS MIN 3.68 0.38 2.92 0.36 0.76 0.20 18.92 7.62 6.10 MAX 5.33 1.78 4.95 0.56 1.78 0.38 21.34 8.26 7.11
0.100 BSC 0.300 BSC 0.310 0.115 0 0.430 0.160 15
2.54 BSC 7.62 BSC 7.87 2.92 0 10.92 4.06 15
Note: The control dimension is the inch column
Rev. 1.03 14
XR-2206
16 LEAD SMALL OUTLINE (300 MIL JEDEC SOIC)
Rev. 1.00
D
16
9
E
1 8
H
C Seating Plane e B A1 L A
INCHES SYMBOL A A1 B C D E e H L MIN 0.093 0.004 0.013 0.009 0.398 0.291 MAX 0.104 0.012 0.020 0.013 0.413 0.299
MILLIMETERS MIN 2.35 0.10 0.33 0.23 10.10 7.40 MAX 2.65 0.30 0.51 0.32 10.50 7.60
0.050 BSC 0.394 0.016 0 0.419 0.050 8
1.27 BSC 10.00 0.40 0 10.65 1.27 8
Note: The control dimension is the millimeter column
Rev. 1.03 15
XR-2206
NOTICE EXAR Corporation reserves the right to make changes to the products contained in this publication in order to improve design, performance or reliability. EXAR Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuits described herein, conveys no license under any patent or other right, and makes no representation that the circuits are free of patent infringement. Charts and schedules contained here in are only for illustration purposes and may vary depending upon a user's specific application. While the information in this publication has been carefully checked; no responsibility, however, is assumed for inaccuracies. EXAR Corporation does not recommend the use of any of its products in life support applications where the failure or malfunction of the product can reasonably be expected to cause failure of the life support system or to significantly affect its safety or effectiveness. Products are not authorized for use in such applications unless EXAR Corporation receives, in writing, assurances to its satisfaction that: (a) the risk of injury or damage has been minimized; (b) the user assumes all such risks; (c) potential liability of EXAR Corporation is adequately protected under the circumstances. Copyright 1972 EXAR Corporation Datasheet June 1997 Reproduction, in part or whole, without the prior written consent of EXAR Corporation is prohibited.
Rev. 1.03 16

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